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Traditional wage labor has experienced a significant decline in industrialized countries over the past few decades. The spread of temporary work, the proliferation of subcontracting arrangements, the use of artificial intelligence (AI), the shipment of manufacturing jobs overseas, and the employment of foreign contract workers are among the key factors driving this decline. The result is a rise of labor insecurity and fragmentation among increasingly diverse forms of flexible labor arrangements. This book examines this important transformation by considering the impact of foreign contract labor on temporary migrant workers in their places of employment and home communities. It assesses work as a source of value in capitalist, reproductive, domestic, and cultural economics, and argues for a new, work-centric field of economics. Rich in examples, it is a sophisticated anthropological appreciation of the many forms that work can take and what these forms mean for the creation of value in people's lives.

Culture study is increasingly becoming a leading theory in international marketing research, this special issue examines the role of culture within marketing theory and practice. Debates such as whether consumer cultures are globalizing, glocalizing or localizing; and the validity of different operationalizations of cultural and institutional distance are considered. Other issues addressed include those of the impact of culture on product adoption and diffusion across countries; the evolution of culture study within marketing; and the usefulness of identifying target markets through country cu

During the 1990s, migration researchers in sociology and anthropology focused disproportionately on the idea of transnationalism, leading to investigations of critically important phenomena such as transnational parenting, diaspora politics and identity, flexible citizenship, social remittances, and other factors influencing the experiences of international migrants. This work also produced comprehensive ethnographic accounts of families and communities with attachments to places in two or more countries, profiling peoples who had forged dynamic relations between sending and receiving neighborhoods based on economic opportunities, cultural exchanges, and social networks. The argument presented here offers a slightly different perspective on transnationalism, examining managed migration and the migration industry that has emerged around labor contractors, human smugglers (coyotes), and travelers who routinely carry goods between migrant sending and receiving communities. While this industry facilitates transnationalism, like transnationalism it is ultimately a symptom of a process more comprehensive than international migration: capital's desire for a highly flexible labor force that expands and contractsseasonally and in response to periods of economic growth and decline, is highly mobile, and is largely separated from reproductive settings.

Durante los años 90, sociólogos y antropólogos estudiosos de la migración se centraron de manera desproporcionada en la idea del transnacionalismo, generando estudios de fenómenos importantes tales como la paternidad transnacional, la política de diáspora e identidad, la ciudadanía flexible, las remesas sociales y, otros temas relacionados a factores que influyen en la experiencia de la migración internacional. Este trabajo también produjo relatos etnográficos de familias y comunidades que poseen lazos de pertenencia en por los menos dos países. Tales relatos etnográficos generaron descripciones y perfiles de gentes que habían forjado vínculos entre locaciones en base a oportunidades económicas, intercambios culturales, y redes sociales. ; During the 1990s, migration researchers in sociology and anthropology focused disproportionately on the idea of transnationalism, leading to investigations of critically important phenomena such as transnational parenting, diaspora politics and identity, flexible citizenship, social remittances, and other factors influencing the experiences of international migrants. This work also produced comprehensive ethnographic accounts of families and communities with attachments to places in two or more countries, profiling peoples who had forged dynamic relations between sending and receiving neighborhoods based on economic opportunities, cultural exchanges, and social networks.

"To understand multisitedcommunities," Lynn Stephen writes (p. 66), "we have to offer multisitedhistories." In this comprehensive and multifaceted book, Stephen has shown ushow deeply a single skilled ethnographer with the benefit of decades ofexperience and eight years of sustained work can render understandablemultisited communities. Using the term "transborder" as a welcome conceptualshift away from the worn term "transnational," Stephen profiles indigenousOaxacans whose lives cross not only national boundaries but also the boundariesof class, ethnicity, and gender as they migrate within Mexico and between Mexicoand the United States.

ABSTRACT  Even faced with overwhelming evidence that tobacco threatens human health, along with economic developments undermining their status as independent producers, North Carolina tobacco farmers view tobacco production in ways congruent with a moral economy. A shift from independent to contract production of tobacco and the dismantling of government price supports have challenged this moral economy, converting tobacco producers into a quasi–working class dependent on tobacco companies while leading to fewer tobacco farms and an increase in the average tobacco farm's size. These changes signal a shift away from a moral economy of tobacco, although moral‐economic dimensions remain. Producers today emphasize different moral dimensions of economic behavior, such as producing quality human beings, than during earlier eras, when moral‐economic actors pressed for state intervention in economic crises. Moral‐economic principles are not restricted to either non‐Western or historical peoples but, rather, influence economic production and ideology in advanced capitalist settings today.

Recent assaults on the tobacco industry have led to a decline in tobacco production across North Carolina, the largest tobacco producing state in the nation. Although a great deal of attention has been focused on tobacco farmers, considerably less work has been aimed at determining the effects of these changes on tobacco farmworkers, many of whom are Latinos. In this article, I discuss Rapid Ethnographic Assessment Procedures used to estimate the impact of changes in the tobacco industry on tobacco farmworkers. I find that the tobacco farm labor force is highly complex and that the effects of the economic downturns have had fewer effects on Latino farmworkers than on tobacco farm owners, in part because of the Latinization of the rural South.